Europe heads the list with 19 churches where homosexuals can be legally
ordained. But several denominations in Africa, North America and the
Pacific are also joining the trend, including the Anglican church in South
Africa formerly led by Archbishop Desmond Tutu, the United Church of
Canada, the Episcopal Church in the U.S. and the Uniting Church in
Australia.
Besides these Protestant and Anglican churches, at least three of
Europe's "Old Catholic" churches permit the ordination of gays
and lesbians. These are churches in the Roman Catholic tradition that
broke with the Vatican in the 19th century.
Many churches have adopted uniform policies that expressly permit
homosexuals to serve as priests or ministers. In others, the policy is
either neutral or implicit, leaving the decision to a regional or local
authority.
Churches where homosexuals can legally be ordained Anglican: Church
of the Province of Southern Africa*, Episcopal Church (USA)*, Scottish
Episcopal Church*; Baptist: Alliance of Baptists (USA)*; Christian:
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)*; Lutheran: Church of Denmark*,
Church of Norway, Church of Sweden*, Evangelical Church of the Augsburg
Confession (Austria), Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland*, Evangelical
Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, United Evangelical
Lutheran Church of Germany*; Old Catholic: Old Catholic Church of Austria,
Old Catholic Church in the Netherlands*, Old Catholic Diocese of Germany*;
Reformed and United: Evangelical Church of the Helvetic Confession
(Austria), Evangelical Church of the Union (Germany)*, Evangelical
Reformed Church (Germany)*, Evangelical Reformed Churches of Switzerland*,
Evangelical Waldensian Church (Italy)*, Netherlands Reformed Church,
Reformed Churches in the Netherlands, Remonstrant Brotherhood
(Netherlands), Uniting Church in Australia*, United Church of Canada,
United Church of Christ (USA)*, United Protestant Church of Belgium*
* These churches have no explicit churchwide policy permitting or
prohibiting ordination of gays and lesbians. The decision is left to
regional or local bodies, some of which are willing to ordain homosexual
candidates. In some churches this amounts to a churchwide practice, since
no ordaining bodies discriminate against homosexual candidates for
ministry. In Germany, a majority of Lutheran, United and Reformed
Landeskirchen (regional churches) permit the ordination of homosexuals
without requiring celibacy. In the United Protestant Church in Belgium,
homosexuals generally can be ordained in Dutch, but not in French,
congregations. The General Synod of the Church of Norway, voted in 1997 to
oppose the ordination of homosexuals living with a partner, but four of
the eleven Norwegian bishops have declared that this policy is not binding
in their dioceses. The issue is still in dispute. There is no churchwide
policy in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, and at least one
bishop has declared his willingness to ordain homosexuals. Other Finnish
bishops have said they will do so only if the ordinand commits to lifelong
celibacy.